TURK 2025

The aim of this study sought to determine how the cryopreservation of bovine semen was affected by the addition of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), and Bifidobacterium longum (BL) to semen diluents at a rate of 109 CFU/mL. For six weeks, the study used the semen from four Simmental bulls. By pooling, the semen was separated into five groups. Two groups constituted the control group (with and without antibiotics), while LR, LA, and BL were added to the semen diluent of the other three groups, and the semen samples were frozen in nitrogen vapor. After thawing the frozen semen samples for 25 seconds at 38 °C, spermatological and biochemical assays were carried out. The probiotic-reconstituted groups showed increases in kinematic parameters, total and progressive motility. The BL group had the lowest MDA level, while the LR group had the highest. BL group had the highest SOD and CAT activity (p<0.001). TGF-β and Caspase-3/CPP32 levels were the lowest in the BL group (p<0.001). STAR and ATP synthase levels did not differ between the groups. TRPM3 levels were lowest in the LR group. In conclusion, in the cryopreservation of bovine semen, the addition of probiotic bacteria instead of antibiotics increases sperm total motility and progressive motility values. The addition of BL to bovine semen caused a decrease in oxidative stress TGF- β and Caspase-3 levels and an increase in TRPM3 and ATP synthase levels. The addition of LR induced oxidative stress and caused an increase in TGF- β and Caspase 3 levels.