TURK 2025

In the autumn months, grass is cut and leaves from trees begin to fall. In particular, waste leaves are burned in villages. Since their chemical composition mainly consists of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, i.e. cellulose, they release many harmful substances into the environment during the oxidation process. Therefore, a preliminary literature analysis showed that among solid waste, the status of grass and tree leaves has been poorly studied. Taking this into account, the study examined apple tree leaves, since they are abundant in all areas. The work identified the sources and total amounts of solid waste on the university campus. Their locations were revealed. The compliance of the campus solid waste problems with the requirements of the UI GreenMetric world university rankings, their location and statistical parameters were confirmed. Model chemical compositions of apple tree leaves obtained based on a literature analysis were examined and the elemental compositions of fallen leaves were determined.
In the computational experiment, the apple leaf-air (oxygen) system was considered, and the concentration distribution of harmful carbon-containing substances (CO, CH4, C2H5, C4H2, C4H2, CN-, CO2, C2H2, C2H6, CHO, CHO, C2H4O2, HCN, N2C, Fe3C(c), K2CO3, C3O2, C2H3, C3H6, CHO2, CHO2, CHO2, C(c), CH3, C2H4, C3H8, CH2O, CH2O) formed in the gas was calculated at the maximum value of entropy. As a result, the thermodynamic and physicochemical parameters of apple leaf oxidation were found over a wide range of temperatures. Since the main composition of the leaf is carbon, as noted above, the amount of carbon footprint in the gas phase was calculated based on the concentration distributions of components and particles in the gas phase at the theoretical combustion temperature. The obtained calculation results corresponded to the balance indicators, indicating the accuracy of the model calculations. As a result, the negative aspects of leaf burning were identified.