TURK 2025

The work considered some sources and nodes of glaciers in the world, including the general ecological state of glaciers in the mountain ridges of Kyrgyzstan. The data includes some map views using baseline data from the Central Asian Institute of Applied Geosciences. Based on these, methods for sampling and studying glacial waters were outlined. The chemical composition of glacial waters was given. Taking into account the melting of ice, the distribution of elements, their cations, anions and gases in water in a wide range of temperatures was calculated at the minimum value of the Gibbs energy. Tables and graphs were compiled based on the data obtained. The distributions of cations and anions in the model ice water confirmed the state of salts in the solution. As a result, the thermodynamic, physicochemical parameters of ice water were reflected in a wide range of temperatures. The oxidation-reduction potential of the solution and the value of the hydrogen index were shown. The experimental hydrogen index value in the water sample was 5.16, and the calculated was 5.61. In terms of the pH value, the glacial waters is slightly acidic, since salts in rocks and soil can dissolve and pass into solution. In addition, under the influence of wind, soil dust and some salts can settle on the surface of the ice, and enter the water when the ice melts. In particular, under the influence of sulfate salts, the pH decreases to 5.61, but this situation can be neutralized by calcium salts trapped in the ice water. Formulas for calculating the pH, oxidation and reduction potential of water were obtained. The results obtained confirmed that glacial waters are polluted by environmental influences. The sign of the oxidation-reduction potential of the solution was negative, confirming the above-mentioned state