TURK 2025

Green synthesis is an environmentally friendly method utilizing biological sources. The primary advantages of this method are its lack of requirement for stabilizers, high efficiency, and minimal chemical content. Nanomaterials produced through this method are biocompatible and can be easily purified. In this study, silver oxide (Ag₂O) nanoparticles were synthesized through green synthesis using the fruit of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia). After separating the seeds from the fruit, a pure extract was obtained through pressing and filtration. This extract was then reacted with AgNO₃ solution, and a biochemical reduction occurred, resulting in the formation of Ag₂O nanoparticles as Ag⁺ ions interacted with oxygen. The reaction was carried out under reflux at 85°C for 2 hours, and the nanoparticles were then washed with distilled water and ethanol, followed by drying at 60°C.
These nanoparticles were stored at room temperature for use in biomedical and nanotechnological applications. Under optimum conditions (pH 8, room temperature), the Bitter Melon extract was scanned spectrophotometrically in the range of 240–250 nm for 24 hours, and the formation of nanoparticles was completed. Thus, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Bitter Melon extract through the green synthesis method. The purified nanoparticles were first washed with water and then with ethanol to remove impurities. Characterization was then carried out using SEM, TEM, XRD, and FTIR analyses. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles had a spherical morphology. TEM analysis showed that the nanoparticles were homogeneous, spherical, and smaller than 10 nm.