TAGRA 2024

The adoption of solar water heating systems not only minimizes reliance on fossil fuels but also supports global sustainability efforts by mitigating environmental impacts and promoting energy security. As solar energy remains a cornerstone of renewable energy technologies, advancements in hybrid systems and FPSWH designs are crucial to sustainably address the rising global energy demand. This study experimentally examines the effects of turbulators (arranged in a spiral pattern with 1, 5, and 9 turbulators per tube) and advanced matte black coatings (Black 2.0 and Black 3.0) on the thermal performance of FPSWH systems. The experimental setup was complemented by a design optimization approach employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to maximize system efficiency. In this case; Experimental optimization was carried out with antifreeze added water, pure water and ethyl alcohol fluids at flow rates of 50-100 and 150 l/h, with a spiral having 11-55-99 turbulators and with classic, Black 2.0 and Black 3.0 coatings. The results emphasize the significance of optimizing absorber plate configurations, enhancing heat transfer processes, and utilizing advanced materials to improve FPSWH performance. According to the study results; It was determined that the coating applied to the surface of the plane surface solar collector increased the heat transfer efficiency very little, increasing the number of turbulators per spiral tube increased the heat transfer considerably, and the use of different fluids at different flow rates increased the heat transfer efficiency considerably.