3rd TAGRA

The Chancellor of Gümüşhane University, Prof. Oktay Yıldız addresses the attendees.

The Scientific Chair of the Congress Prof. Hayrunnisa Nadaroğlu addresses the attendees.

The Organizing Chair of the Congress Assoc. Prof. Kaan Yeşilyurt addresses the attendees.

The Local Organizing Chair and Co-Chair of the Congress Prof. Ebru Emine Demirci Şüküroğlu addresses the attendees.

When complaining about the Global Warming, we should look for all the factors that might have contributed to it. So far, we blame only the increased CO2 in the atmosphere for it. Nobody seems to look for other factors that might have contributed to the Global Warming: 1/ We are at the maximum of the Big Cycle of Solar Activity of 2,562.5 years – so we didn't create the Global Warming we just...

Co-crystals are crystalline structures made up of two or more components in a definite stoichiometric ratio linked through non-covalent interactions in same crystal lattice. They differ in their biological and physiochemical properties from their components. They have wide applications in drug designing and in analysis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The US-FDA approval for...

This paper examines the transformative role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in advancing sustainable finance and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing across the BRICS economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa). As emerging markets navigate the dual pressures of rapid economic growth and climate change mitigation, FinTech emerges as a critical enabler of green...

Inorganic hole transport layers (HTLs) play an important role in improving charge transport and the performance of photovoltaic devices. However, their electrical and interfacial properties still need to be improved. Dopant engineering is a useful approach to modify the properties of inorganic HTLs by controlling their conductivity, defect characteristics, and charge transport. This work...

The microbiome–gut–brain axis is transforming neurodegenerative research by identifying gut microorganisms as regulators of brain function and immunity. Microbial dysbiosis may increase systemic and neuroinflammation, disrupt the blood–brain barrier, alter microglial activity, and promote pathological protein aggregation. Microbiota-derived metabolites influence immune signaling, neuronal...

This study the effect of post-heat-treatment routes on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and tribological behaviour of Wire-Laser Metal Deposition (Wire-LMD) fabricated Inconel 718. Initially, the Inconel 718 wire was additively manufactured with a Meltio M450 system for fabricating large and dense metallic components with minimal material wastage. The fabricated Inconel 718 was...

Rapid global population growth and environmental challenges demand a shift toward a resilient circular bioeconomy. Microalgae have emerged as highly efficient, self-contained photosynthetic biofactories capable of converting sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into primary and secondary metabolites with immense industrial value. This presentation explores the multifaceted metabolic potential...

With the current industrialization and its effects on the environment has led to an alarming need of valuable products from sustainable resources. With the aim of sustainable products and environmental protection different value added products from carbon dioxide using nanobiocatalysis and bioactive biopolymer from feather biomass and biopigments from microalgae, waste marigold flower biomass...

Transdermal patch technologies are being investigated as potential alternatives to traditional oral nutritional supplements, particularly in cases involving challenges such as gastrointestinal imbalances, malabsorption, or limited bioavailability. The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, poses a significant barrier to the delivery of many nutrients into the body. This review...

Non-Newtonian calculus offers alternative frameworks for studying functions with different analytical structures. This study presents a first-order local approximation method for mixed-type functions containing classical and non-Newtonian components. In the proposed method, each component is approximated within its corresponding calculus, and the resulting approximations are combined according...

This study investigates the performance and efficiency of a perovskite solar cell through numerical simulation. The main objective is to evaluate the electrical characteristics of the device and to determine the key parameters affecting its photovoltaic efficiency. A perovskite-based solar cell structure was modeled by defining the electrical and optical properties of the absorber layer,...

Historic stone arch bridges are important cultural heritage structures that may develop different collapse mechanisms under seismic actions due to their traditional construction techniques, masonry material properties, and distinctive geometries. Evaluating the seismic behavior of these structures requires understanding how their geometric and mechanical characteristics affect their collapse...

Background: Benzodiazepines are widely used central nervous system-active drugs, and their sensitive determination in aqueous and biological matrices requires efficient sample preparation and preconcentration techniques. Carbon nanotubes, owing to their high surface area and adsorption capacity, have potential as effective sorbents for solid-phase extraction.
Objective: This study aimed to...

Transformer overloading in densely populated urban distribution networks is a critical challenge during peak consumption hours. While traditional Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) are cost-prohibitive, Continuously Variable Series Reactors (CVSRs) offer a highly economical alternative (approximately $10/kVAr) by regulating transformer reactance—up to a maximum of 3 Ohm—via magnetic core...

This study evaluated mineralized groundwater potential for sustaining the Ayazma Travertine using electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and topographic data. Low-resistivity anomalies identified along three ERT profiles were interpreted together with a previously observed iron-rich mineralized water discharge near point S. Anomalies occur at profile distances of 65–90 m on E-1, 105–145 m on...

Mycotoxins, known for their high toxicity, pose significant challenges to food safety and public health. They garner attention due to their widespread occurrence in food products and their ability to exert toxic effects even at low concentrations. Among these toxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is of particular importance due to its potent hepatotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic properties. Detecting...

Stress concentration is the local increase in stress caused by geometric discontinuities and is quantified by the theoretical stress concentration factor. In shafts, the change in diameter at the shoulder is a typical source of stress concentration and a common site of fatigue failure. Stress concentration factors for solid shouldered shafts are well documented, but data for hollow shafts are...

The anageometric Laplace transform has been formulated for scalar differential equations, but its use in coupled systems requires an explicit matrix-based treatment. This study applies the transform to linear systems of anageometric differential equations with constant coefficients and continuous forcing. The anageometric derivative is defined by D̃f(t) = t f′(t) for t ≥ 1, and the transform...

This study investigates the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the methanol extract (ME) obtained from Bornmuellera cappadocica (Willd.) Cullen & T.R.Dudley, alongside the silver nanoparticles (BCAgNPs) green-synthesized using this botanical extract. The antioxidant activities of ME and BCAgNPs were examined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods, iron (III) reducing antioxidant...

Using rainwater as an alternative water source requires treatment approaches that reduce pollutants under real environmental conditions. In this study, a sensor-controlled treatment system based on a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanofiber membrane doped with nut husk-derived activated carbon (NHAC) was developed to remove metals from actual rainwater and was operated in the field during rainfall...

In the modeling of soil-structure interaction (SSI) using the finite element method, the dimensions of the finite soil domain and the boundary conditions can affect the calculated dynamic properties of the system. This study used the five-story reinforced concrete frame structure examined by Kamal et al. (2022) as a reference to create three-dimensional soil–structure interaction models using...

This study aimed to determine the phenolic compound profile of the methanol extract of Bornmuellera cappadocica (Willd.) Cullen & T.R.Dudley (Brassicaceae) and to comparatively evaluate the enzyme inhibitory activities of the extract and the silver nanoparticles (BCAgNPs) green-synthesized using this extract. The phenolic compound profile of the methanol extract was determined using liquid...

Historic masonry houses require a specialized approach to seismic assessment due to their use of local materials, traditional construction techniques, and distinctive structural system characteristics. The extent to which existing rapid visual screening methods represent the characteristic features of these buildings is important for reliably prioritizing the historic building stock. This...

Metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors are strong candidates for high-speed optical receivers and ultraviolet sensing owing to their planar structure, single-step lithographic fabrication, low capacitance and compatibility with field-effect transistor technology. However, MSM performance depends not only on the absorber material but also on the electrode geometry and the physics of the...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the three-dimensional stress distribution in a journal bearing using a one-way coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) model. Numerical simulations were performed using ANSYS 2023 R2 software. The hydrodynamic pressure distribution was obtained under laminar, isothermal, steady-state conditions at an eccentricity...

In this study, magnetic magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized and modified for the covalent immobilization of lipase. Magnetic nanoparticles have attracted considerable attention due to their applications in catalysis, water treatment, biotechnology, biomedicine, and drug delivery. Magnetite nanoparticles with an approximate size of 10–20 nm were prepared using the co-precipitation method...

The use of carbon nanotubes as a solid phase of the extraction of both organic and inorganic compounds provides sufficient absorption capacity. It is also used as a new material in a solid-phase microextraction. Solid phase extraction of some polycyclic aromathic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (naphthalene, anthracene and pyrene) from aqueous solution using carbon nanotubes (CNT) has been investigated....

Organophosphorus pesticides are extensively used in agricultural applications, and their residues in aquatic environments have raised significant environmental and analytical concerns. In this study, a solid-phase extraction method based on functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) was developed for the extraction and preconcentration of diazinon and malathion from aqueous samples...

Multiservice software-defined networks (SDNs) must deliver multimedia traffic with different service requirements while maintaining acceptable delays and efficient use of limited channel capacity. This study addresses the challenge of distributing traffic flows when transmission patterns are variable and self-similar, making timely delivery difficult to assess. We develop a stochastic...

Adhesive bonding is widely used in composite and polymer-based structures to join different materials due to its advantages, including low weight, uniform load transfer, and reduced stress concentrations. Since interfacial interactions and the mechanical performance of the adhesive are decisive in bonding different materials, modifying adhesives with nanosized additives is considered an...

Throughout human history, death has been interpreted not merely as the cessation of biological life, but as a multifaceted phenomenon shaped by concepts such as the unknown, fear, existence, the afterlife, and the quest for immortality. Human awareness of one's own mortality, combined with the lack of definitive knowledge regarding what follows death, has established it as a fundamental...

This study examined software projects completed and presented in the Computer Programming program of a vocational school in terms of the problems they addressed, their target users, and their artificial intelligence functions. This descriptive document analysis evaluated the final reports of 29 software projects deemed suitable for examination. The reports were classified by problem domain,...

The 7xxx series aluminum alloy AA 7020 is widely used in engineering applications because of its low density, high strength, good corrosion resistance, and weldability. AA 7020 reaches its maximum strength in the T6 temper. Although AA 7020-T6 is readily weldable, the heat generated during welding can alter the microstructure near the weld, particularly in the heat-affected zone (HAZ), and...

Traffic police officers perform a critical public service by regulating traffic, conducting roadside inspections, enforcing traffic regulations, and responding to road traffic crashes. Unlike personnel working in controlled workplace environments, they frequently carry out their duties near moving vehicles and under rapidly changing traffic and environmental conditions. Roadside enforcement...

Magnesium and its alloys are among the metallic materials attracting attention for biomedical applications due to their low densities, elastic moduli close to those of natural bone, and biodegradable properties. The micro-arc oxidation (MAO) method, used to modify the surface properties of these alloys, is an effective electrochemical surface treatment technique that enables the formation of...

In this study, Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) was used to investigate continuous water discharge approximately 3 m below a retaining wall and assess possible leakage from a buried main wastewater pipeline or its building connections. Nine profiles (Lines 34–42) were acquired approximately parallel to the pipeline, and eleven profiles (Lines 49–59) approximately perpendicular to it at 0.30 m...

The safe use, storage, transportation, and disposal of chemicals used as raw materials, intermediates, final products, and auxiliary substances in the chemical industry are important for protecting the health and safety of workers, limiting environmental impacts, and ensuring production continuity. Particularly in areas where chemicals are stored, the physical and chemical properties of the...

Contact mechanics examines the interaction of bodies using the theory of elasticity and finds applications across various engineering disciplines involving solid structures. Structural damage often results from fractures in regions with high stress concentrations, making it crucial to accurately determine contact stress distributions during the design phase. With advancements in materials...

In modern video surveillance systems, the large area under observation and the varying distances of objects from the camera may reduce the informational value of the captured images. In particular, small and distant objects are represented by a limited number of pixels within the camera frame, making their detection and subsequent analysis more difficult. To address this problem, instead of...

The Chain of Custody (CoC) certification, developed by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), is a global standard aimed at ensuring the delivery of wood and forest products from sustainably managed sources to the final consumer in an unbroken and traceable manner. Structured around the FSC-STD-40-004 standard, this system mandates key criteria such as management responsibility, raw material...

Motion capture systems enable ergonomic risks to be assessed based on actual working conditions by recording operators’ movements during work. This study aimed to ergonomically improve a workstation where repetitive assembly operations are performed. First, a standard workstation was established, and operator movements were recorded using the Xsens system and transferred to the Siemens Process...

Football is a dynamic team sport that requires players to rapidly adapt to changing game conditions, anticipate one another's actions, and coordinate their individual behaviors in alignment with the team's shared goals. Within this framework, communication encompasses not merely the verbal exchange of messages between players but also cognitive and interactive processes—such as the...

AA2024 aluminium alloy is a widely used structural material, especially in aerospace and automotive applications, due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and low density. Also, Surface modification is required since the alloy's surface properties are insufficient under operating conditions. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of producing composite coatings containing TiC particles...

Geotechnical failures in basement terrains frequently result from insufficient subsurface characterisation, leading to differential settlement and structural damage. This study applies Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) to assess geotechnical suitability at Bolorunduro and environs, Ondo State, Southwestern Nigeria, underlain by the Precambrian Basement Complex. Twenty VES stations were...

Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection remains a major global health challenge due to its persistence and progression to severe liver diseases. This study develops and analyzes a mathematical model to investigate the long-term dynamics of chronic HBV transmission. The disease-free and endemic equilibrium points, together with the basic reproduction number $\mathfrak{R}_0$, are derived and...

Thermoelectric cooling (TEC) systems offer several advantages, including compact size, absence of moving parts, quiet operation, and environmentally friendly operation without conventional refrigerants. In this study, the cooling performance of a thermoelectric module was experimentally investigated for two different applications: refrigeration and air conditioning. In the refrigeration...

Corrosion of marine steel structures remains one of the major challenges in shipbuilding and offshore engineering, leading to significant maintenance costs, reduced operational reliability, and environmental concerns. The development of advanced protective coatings with improved durability and corrosion resistance is therefore an important research direction. Nanomodification of conventional...

Microbial infections are among the major factors that impair wound healing, and the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has highlighted the need to develop novel wound dressings with antimicrobial properties. The incorporation of antimicrobial nanomaterials into biocompatible polymer matrices represents a promising approach to improving wound dressing performance. The...

H13 hot-work tool steel is widely preferred in hot forging, extrusion, and die-casting applications due to its high hardness, good thermal fatigue resistance, and dimensional stability at elevated temperatures; however, its wear resistance and surface durability under severe thermal and mechanical loading remain limited, necessitating protective surface coatings. In this study, Cr/CrN/CrAlN...

Effective management of university campuses requires the integration of up-to-date spatial data on physical features with descriptive information and making this information accessible to users. Particularly at universities with campuses in different locations, enabling staff and students to access accurate information quickly depends on maintaining data within an organized and queryable...

In recent decades, the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology has significantly increased interest in the fundamental and applied properties of semiconductor nanostructures. In low-dimensional systems such as quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots, and other nanostructures with characteristic dimensions comparable to the electron de Broglie wavelength or the exciton Bohr...

Transient heat transfer in a U-tube geothermal borehole heat exchanger embedded in saturated sand was investigated numerically. The energy equation was solved by the finite element method on a two-dimensional cross-section of the borehole (fluid, pipe wall, grout and sand), following the setup of the COMSOL Multiphysics Heat Transfer module. Geometry, thermal properties and heat load (57.7 W/m...

Rosehip (Rosa canina L.) is a medicinal fruit rich in phenolic compounds, and their recovery depends on solvent polarity and extraction technique. This study compared maceration with maceration followed by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol–water and ethyl acetate. Dried, deseeded fruit powder was extracted under identical conditions, with...

The energy generation performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems is significantly influenced by environmental operating conditions, in addition to the technical characteristics of the system components. Environmental factors such as solar irradiance, ambient and cell temperature, relative humidity, wind, dust and atmospheric aerosols, cloud cover, and precipitation can affect the electrical...

The F1 Halo component, mandated to protect drivers' heads, is manufactured from Grade 5 titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) per FIA Standard 8869-2018, yet strict weight limits make every kilogram critical to vehicle performance. This study investigates whether carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites can offer a lighter alternative to titanium without compromising FIA safety requirements. Six...

During the final stage of field exploitation, a decline in oil production is observed due to reservoir energy depletion, changes in the pressure regime, reservoir rock heterogeneity, increasing water cut, and the clogging of pore channels.Significant volumes of residual oil reserves remain in such reservoirs.Accurately assessing the current state of the reservoir-well system and forecasting...

The Hakkari–Yüksekova region is located within the tectonically active Eastern Anatolian–Iranian Plateau and is characterized by major structures including the Şemdinli–Yüksekova Fault Zone, Başkale Fault, and Bitlis–Zagros Thrust Belt. This study investigates the relationship between regional magnetic structure, active faults, and seismicity. The magnetic structure was evaluated using the...

Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited therapeutic advancements, often characterized by overexpression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and functional suppression of p53. Diosmin, a citrus-derived flavonoid, exhibits broad pharmacological properties, yet its molecular role in MDM2-p53 regulation remains unexplored. This study investigates the anti-cancer potential of...

The Guba–Khachmaz region is one of Azerbaijan’s most promising areas for the development of low- to medium-temperature geothermal resources. This study evaluates the hydrogeological characteristics, theoretical thermal capacity, and potential utilization pathways of the region’s thermal waters. Official hydrogeological data and published scientific sources were analyzed, while thermal-power...

In recent years, we are increasingly seeing composite materials in the field of biomaterials, driven by esthetic, chemical, and mechanical demands associated with living tissue structures. From the perspective of materials engineering, desired new material forms can be created by combining the superior properties of the constituent materials that make up composite materials. The aim of this...

Heat transfer problems in layered and multi-material systems involve discontinuous thermal conductivity, which makes the temperature gradient jump across material interfaces and challenges physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represented by a single smooth network. This study implements a single-network PINN and a domain-decomposed extended PINN (XPINN) for transient heat conduction in a...

Mobile gaming addiction has emerged as a significant behavioural problem which could be investigated mathematically through modelling techniques akin to those used for transmission of diseases in a population. In this paper, we propose a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy fractal-fractional model to describe the dynamics of PUBG Mobile addiction via a system of five compartments: susceptible, exposed,...

Neurological disorders cause substantial motor, sensory, and cognitive disability, while conventional pharmacological treatments often provide incomplete symptom control. Neuromodulation devices offer additional therapeutic options by altering neural activity through electrical or magnetic stimulation. However, their clinical effectiveness varies across diseases, patient populations and...

The Bolu–Düzce region in northwestern Türkiye is characterized by intense tectonic and seismic activity associated with the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ). This study investigates the relationship between seismicity, active fault systems, and regional magnetic structure through an integrated analysis of earthquake and magnetic data. Seismicity is evaluated using M > 3.0 earthquakes recorded...

This paper is devoted to the asymptotic analysis of a system of singularly perturbed integral equations with a piecewise-smooth matrix kernel. The presence of a small parameter multiplying the unknown function leads to a singular perturbation problem, in which the limiting equation may not adequately describe the behavior of the solution. The main objective is to construct an asymptotic...

Machine-tool spindles are critical components whose performance directly affects machining accuracy, product quality, and service life. Contact and sliding between the spindle surface and its supporting components during operation can lead to wear, consequently reducing spindle service life and adversely affecting machining quality. AISI 7131 steel is commonly used for machine-tool spindle...

Creatine is one of the most popular supplements for enhancing muscular performance; however, the combined effect of creatine with resistance training on structural muscle changes has been less investigated. This study aimed to examine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training and creatine supplementation on quadriceps muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and jump power. Sixty male subjects...

In this study, the effects of the number of turbulators (1, 5, 9), fluid type (water, ethylene glycol, ammonia), absorber surface coating (standard, Black 2.0, Black 3.0), and fluid mass flow rate (50, 100, 150 kg/h) on the thermal performance of a flat-plate solar collector (FPSC) were investigated using both numerical (ANSYS-Fluent, CFD) and experimental methods. The Response Surface Method...

This study evaluates iron ore prospectivity in Itakpe and its environs, North-Central Nigeria, through the integration of high-resolution aeromagnetic data with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) within a GIS environment. High-resolution aeromagnetic data were processed to enhance magnetic anomalies and delineate subsurface geological features. Processing techniques included Reduction to...

In recent years, thermoelectric cooling (TEC) systems have found widespread use, especially in applications requiring low cooling capacity. Their simple structures without moving parts, low power requirements, and ease of maintenance make these systems advantageous compared to traditional vapor-compression refrigeration cycles. In this study, the air conditioning performance of a...

This study focuses on the development and MATLAB implementation of a four-node quadrilateral (Q4) finite element for the free bending vibration analysis of isotropic plates. A Mindlin–Reissner plate formulation is adopted so that transverse displacement and two independent rotations are considered at each node. The element formulation includes bending and transverse shear deformation, and a...

Surface degradation, wear debris generation, and metal ion release are major factors limiting the long-term performance of metallic biomedical implants. Nitrogen-based ceramic coatings, particularly titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), have attracted growing interest as surface modification strategies because they can enhance implant...

Neurological disorders represent a global health challenge, contributing to disability, mortality, and reduced quality of life. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, stroke, and neurodevelopmental disorders involve interactions among genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, vascular, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Increasing attention has therefore focused on...

Sri Lanka's gem industry still relies largely on traditional exploration knowledge. Scientific studies have focused on floodplain and valley-fill alluvial deposits, and high-energy landforms such as plunge pools remain poorly examined. Plunge pools are scour basins at the base of waterfalls and may trap dense minerals such as gemstones; nevertheless, has not been tested in Sri Lankan...

In photovoltaic (PV) systems, a significant portion of solar radiation converts into heat rather than electricity; this raises the cell temperature and reduces electrical efficiency. This study aimed to lower PV cell temperature and generate additional electricity via Peltier modules by integrating a combination of aluminum metal foam and Peltier modules (thermoelectric modules) onto the...

Fractal structures occur naturally in mathematics, physics, engineering, and many complex systems. Since classical calculus is formulated primarily on smooth spaces, a natural question arises: How can calculus be developed directly on a fractal set? In this talk, we introduce fractal calculus, a local framework for differentiation and integration on fractal supports. The approach is based on a...

Titanium and titanium alloys are frequently preferred as biomaterials due to their unique properties. However, since the living body comprises a complex structure capable of constant change, doubts may always arise regarding the adequacy of material strength. Many new experimental methods are being developed to predict the time-dependent behavior of material strengths within the living body....

The escalating prevalence of metabolic disorders, diabetes, and obesity has significantly shifted dietary patterns toward low-calorie and sugar-free food formulations. However, the reduction or complete replacement of sucrose with alternative sweeteners—such as polyols, stevia, and high-intensity sweeteners—imposes severe structural limitations on the food matrix, including gel network...

Land surface temperature (LST) is an important indicator for examining spatial variations in surface thermal conditions and their changes over time. Satellite observations enable consistent assessments of surface thermal patterns across extensive areas, while cloud-based processing facilitates the analysis of historical imagery through a standardized workflow. This study assessed summer LST...

Ethiopia's Green Legacy Initiative (GLI) is one of Africa's most ambitious large-scale Nature-based Solutions. This study applied the Multiscale Hydrologic Ecosystem Services Proxy (MS-HES Proxy) Framework to evaluate the ecohydrological impacts of GLI across multiple spatial scales—from basin to plot level—within the Rift Valley Lakes Basin (RVLB). The approach integrated key indicators as...

Bismuth telluride is a layered crystal with unique properties utilized in thermoelectrics and various sensors; it is a topological insulator and a promising material for spintronics. Of practical interest is the type of transport that achieves the maximum charge transfer density with maximum phonon scattering, which makes it possible to increase the thermoelectric figure...

Wettability is a key concept in petroleum engineering, referring to the ability of a fluid (such as oil) to adhere to and maintain contact with the surface of reservoir rock. Wettability alteration is a complex concept, and various methods and techniques may be employed depending on the specific conditions and characteristics of each reservoir and the oil it contains. In general, it may be...

The unique physicochemical properties of hybrid hydrogels create broad opportunities for their application in oil and gas engineering. In particular, these systems can be effectively utilized for formation water shut-off, selective plugging of high-permeability channels, profile control, and reservoir permeability restoration. The present study focuses on the swelling mechanisms of a...

Compression ratio is one of the most important design parameters of compression-ignition engines, directly affecting the combustion process, engine performance, fuel consumption, and emissions. In this study, the effect of compression ratio on the performance of a single-cylinder Ruston & Hornsby 1YWA diesel engine was investigated using the GT-SUITE software. First, a one-dimensional engine...

Biomass ash (BA) represents a promising secondary resource for the restoration of degraded soils, provided that its application rate is optimized and its nutrient limitations are addressed. This study evaluated the potential of BA to improve soil properties and plant performance by first conducting controlled pot experiments and subsequently validating selected treatments under field...

The increasing contamination of water resources by petroleum-derived pollutants, synthetic dyes, and toxic organic compounds has created an urgent need for efficient, versatile, and environmentally sustainable remediation technologies. Carbon-based materials have emerged as promising platforms for environmental applications owing to their tunable surface, high surface area, porous structures,...

Silk fibroin has attracted considerable interest as a sustainable biopolymer for flexible electronics, biointegrated sensors, dielectric layers, and frequency-selective devices because of its biocompatibility, mechanical flexibility, film-forming ability, and solution processability. However, pristine fibroin is generally characterized by high electrical resistance and broad non-Debye...

Naturally aspirated engines provide adequate performance in urban and highway driving conditions where high power and acceleration are not required. However, when greater acceleration and power are needed, mechanical supercharging can be used to increase engine torque and power. This study investigates the effects of mechanical supercharging on a four-cylinder engine. First, the engine was...

Interface defects in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are recognized as a major source of non-radiative recombination, which adversely affects device performance. In this study, the impact of interface defect density on the performance of a lead-free FTO/TiO₂/KSnI₃/Cu₂O/Au perovskite solar cell was investigated using the SCAPS-1D simulation platform. The simulation model was initially validated...

The development of efficient, sustainable, and recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for multicomponent reactions is of considerable importance in view point of green and modern organic synthesis. In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (N-CNFs) were used as an efficient green catalyst for the Biginelli multicomponent reaction, providing a straightforward and environmentally friendly...

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education presents a critical challenge: institutions lack scalable, theoretically grounded tools to assess students' underlying cognitive and epistemic dispositions toward knowledge and technology. Understanding these dispositions is essential for personalizing learning and identifying potentially maladaptive patterns. This study...

Valve springs are critical components of internal combustion engines that are subjected to cyclic loading during engine operation. Therefore, investigating their mechanical behavior is of considerable importance. In this study, the static behavior of the K4M engine valve spring was investigated using the finite element method (FEM). First, the geometry and dimensions of the actual spring were...

Rapid industrialization, mining operations, fertilizer manufacturing, and dye synthesis have led to the extensive discharge of heavy metals and synthetic colorants into natural ecosystems. Due to their severe toxicity, environmental persistence, and non-biodegradability, these pollutants pose critical hazards to human health and ecological integrity. Conventional remediation strategies are...

An early assessment estimated 10.36 million tonnes/year of plastic waste in the five littoral countries: Russia 7.15 million tonnes, Iran 1.8 million, Kazakhstan 950,000, Azerbaijan 290,000, and Turkmenistan 170,000 tonnes. About 425,000 tonnes/year were generated in coastal areas, with 58,000–155,000 tonnes/year entering the Caspian Sea. The 2019 Tehran Convention report lists coastlines of...

This study investigates the temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation of bromobenzene in two structurally different nonpolar solvents, benzene and n-hexane, with the aim of elucidating the role of solvent structure and intermolecular interactions in the dynamics and thermodynamics of dipole reorientation. The complex dielectric permittivity, including its real (ε′) and imaginary (ε″)...

Accurate prediction of bone fracture probability and identification of areas susceptible to damage is an important challenge in biomechanics and medical engineering. This study aimed to develop a framework for bone fracture risk assessment, combining Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Explainable Machine Learning (XAI). By applying loading conditions related to standing and walking postures,...

Land surface temperature (LST) is a key indicator of urban thermal environments. However, studies of its drivers often rely on linear models or black-box machine learning, and rarely address nonlinearity, interpretability, and spatial autocorrelation together. This study proposes to analyze the factors controlling LST in Ho Chi Minh City using Landsat 8/9 imagery, combined with spectral...

Based on the perovskite material, lead-based perovskite solar cells exhibit outstanding photovoltaic properties, but their toxicity poses environmental and health issues that hinder sustainable commercialization. In this study, a lead-free cesium titanium chloride based perovskite solar cell is proposed and optimized with numerical simulation and hybrid optimization. The structure of the...

In this study, the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Anthemis talyschensis was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via a simple and rapid biological method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy; their shape, size, and morphology were examined via Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); and their...

Urban rail systems stand out as strategic infrastructures for urban mobility, since, depending on their implementation, they promote accessibility, improve quality of life and reduce environmental impacts, with emphasis on mitigating vehicular traffic and atmospheric pollution resulting from the use of fossil fuels. faced with the need to decarbonize the transportation sector, the...

This research explores a theoretical foundation for an intelligent machine capable of human-like reasoning through relational geometry, context, and self-reference. It proposes a framework for Quantum-Relational Artificial Intelligence based on Self-Referential Focal Relations (SRFR). The main idea is to represent information not simply as separate objects or states, but through the...

The global shift toward natural cosmetic and personal care products has expanded the utilization of clay minerals as active ingredients and multifunctional texture modifiers in skin, hair, and beauty formulations. Clay minerals are hydrous phyllosilicates characterized by unique physicochemical attributes, such as high specific surface area, cation exchange capacity (CEC), adsorption...

The purpose of this article is to analyze the recent rise of China and South Korea as global leaders in the production and export of electric vehicles by examining the industrial policies these nations have implemented in the sector. This definition of electric vehicles includes all vehicles (passenger cars, buses, trucks, utility vehicles, etc.) and propulsion types that are not exclusively...

This study investigates how an artificial intelligence (AI)-DevSecOps framework can support the modernization of major-specific ICT education and the alignment of course content with contemporary industry requirements. A comparative case study was conducted for the “Computer Networks” course at the University of Central Asia using teaching materials from the fall semesters of the 2022/2023 and...

Food waste in school catering represents a major environmental, ethical, and economic challenge. This study investigated food waste in two Tunis private primary schools operating under a centralized logistics model (reheating and service only, with three rapid shifts). It aimed to diagnose baseline waste causes and evaluate a short-term, gamified pedagogical intervention. The study targeted...

In this study, the phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out using the hydromethanolic extract of the fruit of the pumpkin plant (Cucurbita moschata), and their physicochemical characteristics were investigated using TEM, SEM, FT-IR, UV/Vis, and XRD techniques. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the average size of the obtained silver nanoparticles...

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted considerable attention as sorbent materials for the extraction and preconcentration of organic and inorganic compounds because of their high surface area and adsorption capacity. In this study, a solid-phase extraction method based on functionalized carbon nanotubes was developed for the extraction and determination of two benzodiazepines,...

Gulazik is a traditional meat-based food prepared from meat, kurut (dried fermented curd), and talkan (roasted grain flour). This study investigated the effects of meat species (beef, horsemeat, and mutton) and oven-drying temperatures (50 °C, 75 °C, and 100 °C) on the physicochemical quality attributes and lipid oxidation dynamics of standardized Gulazik formulations containing 65% dried...

The aim of this study was to identify expert opinions and consensus regarding food safety-related components within the One Health approach and to provide recommendations for evaluating food safety within a One Health framework. The study was conducted using a two-round Modified Delphi Consensus Method. The study group consisted of academic staff from the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry,...

Chronic wounds, due to infection and biofilm formation, are among the major challenges in wound care. The combination of chitosan, silver nanoparticles, and bioactive compounds of thyme may provide a suitable approach for developing an antimicrobial wound dressing. This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate the physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of a polymeric wound dressing...

Damage to the electrical grid and disruptions to transportation networks during disasters lead to significant losses in cold-chain-dependent food products. Items such as dairy products, fresh fruits and vegetables, meat, and baby food spoil rapidly when appropriate temperature conditions cannot be maintained. This situation results in both the waste of aid resources and a compromise in the...