TAGRA 2025

This microscopic study aims to characterize the structural organization of secondary encapsulated immune organs, specifically the spleen and lymph nodes, in the gray marmot (Marmota baibacina). The gray marmot serves as a principal reservoir in Central Asian plague foci and plays a critical role in zoonotic pathogen dynamics; however, its lymphoid anatomy remains poorly characterized....

In recent years, the link between cancer pathogenesis and neurotransmitter systems has gained increasing attention, particularly the regulatory role of dopamine in tumor biology. Dopamine, a monoamine neurotransmitter, can enhance antitumor responses through dopamine receptors (DRs). The Caco-2 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line serves as a suitable model for studying DR-mediated signaling...

Glioma progression is driven by dysregulated signaling networks, including CDK4-Cyclin D3, PI3K-Akt, and EGFR pathways. Targeting CDK4-Cyclin D3 offers a promising therapeutic strategy. A systems-level computational approach was employed to identify potential CDK4-Cyclin D3 inhibitors from the OTAVA library. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, MMGBSA, AutoQSAR modeling, Density function...

Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, impairs oral wound healing through fibroblast dysfunction, persistent inflammation, and excessive apoptosis, leading to delayed closure and higher infection risk. While graphene-based nanomaterials show promise for tissue regeneration, their effects on fibroblast survival in diabetic oral wounds remain poorly...

This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the macro- and micromorphological changes in yak (Bos grunnies) hindlimb muscle during storage under refrigeration (+4 °C) and freezing (-22 °C) conditions. Meat is a complex, nutritionally valuable food source, composed of muscle fibers, fat, connective tissue, blood, nerves, and vascular structures, with its quality dependent on the...

Dracocephalum imberbe Bunge (Lamiaceae) is a perennial species endemic to the Alai Range, Kyrgyzstan, traditionally used in ethnomedicine. Its aerial parts are employed in decoctions and infusions for respiratory and gastrointestinal ailments and exhibit mild anti-inflammatory effects. Quantitative assessment of macro- and micronutrient composition in both aerial and root tissues is critical...

This study investigates the structural, compositional, and thermal transformations of Perna viridis (PVS) shells heated at 100, 500, and 1000 °C using FTIR, XRD, and TGA/DTG analyses. The FTIR spectra of the raw shell reveal the presence of adsorbed water, organic matrix components, and calcium carbonate in the aragonite form. Heating at 500 °C induces a clear phase transition from aragonite...

This study addresses the urgent necessity of creating effective pedagogical and methodological tools to enhance students' thinking structures and natural science competencies (NSCs) within modern education. Highlighting contradictions between National Education Standards and students' low competency levels, the research aims to provide a theoretical justification and experimental verification...

Abstract
Thymus incertus Klok, a member of the Lamiaceae family, is widely recognized in pharmacopoeias and ethnomedicine for its therapeutic properties. Its extracts are used to manage gastrointestinal disorders, cough, bronchitis, and pertussis, and as antiseptics for oral hygiene, wound care, and throat rinses in laryngitis. Bioactive constituents, including essential oils and thymol, are...

Exosomes released from cancer cells are nano-vesicles that play a critical role in reshaping the tumor microenvironment and disrupting the functions of distant cellular targets. Through their cargo—oncogenic miRNAs, pro-inflammatory proteins, tumor-specific metabolites, and DNA/RNA fragments—they alter intercellular communication pathologically. Exosome-mediated damage compromises both central...

Industrial and mining industries cause heavy metal and chemical pollution in many regions around the world. Synthetic dyes are an example of chemical pollutants and pose a threat to the environment due to the aromatic rings, azo bonds or metal complexes they contain. Kyrgyzstan is a country in Central Asia consisting largely of mountainous areas. Since the Soviet era, it has become a...

Abstract
Plants of the Cousinia genus, belonging to the Asteraceae family, are traditionally used for external applications, including compresses, baths, washes, and poultices, primarily to treat eye disorders. They also serve as a source of glucofructans (inulin). Among them, Cousinia carduncelloidea Regel & Schmalh is widely recognized in Central Asian folk medicine. Despite its...